My Chosen Career Is The Most Popular Career Choice

My chosen career At present I do not have an absolute clear vision of myself in law but I hope to find a path of solicitor or mediator in contract law or human rights/criminal law related career. If I am unable for some reason to achieve it, I wish to build my future career in other field upon legal knowledge that I have obtained over the years. For example, a survey conducted by the Law Society among law students demonstrates that only 50% of respondents aspired to become a solicitor (others prefer barrister or undecided) . I am researching about solicitor path, which is the most popular career choice after graduation from law school, and their role is more appealing to me. My initial thought was to start from usher and work my way up to paralegal and then, if possible, to become a solicitor since they communicate directly with the clients. As for the exact direction, Human Rights Law is relevant to me as nowadays human rights legislation is more important than ever considering recent events in Ukraine and recent migration crisis.It is especially relevant today with newly emerging terrorist attacks/acts, torture and death penalties, unacceptably low level of basic education (third world countries in particular) around the world. What attracts me about Human Rights Law is that over the decades it has managed to considerably reduce all of these offences on a global scale . Although high stress levels among representatives of that branch of law somewhat discourage me I findShow MoreRelatedNursing As A Career Choice1714 Words   |  7 PagesNursing as a Ð ¡areer Ð ¡hoice. Anna Leonova Trent University Nursing as a career choice. As Mother Teresa said: â€Å"It is not how much you do but how much love you put in the doing†. These words can not but be common for nurses all over the world. 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My reason for choosing this career is because I love drawing and playing video games, and with a career like this, I can be able to design, program, and create my own video games while getting to do what I like. I a lready familiar with a few graphic design programs such as Photoshop and Illustrator. With this job I could use these programs to make my ideas come to life. Multimedia Artists require a bachelor’s degree in education. They make decentRead MoreDiversity in the Workplace Essay1711 Words   |  7 Pagesage, gender, and religion as well. Most people do not sit and analyze the larger picture. Valuing diversity means creating a workplace that respects and includes differences, recognizing the unique contributions that individuals with many types of differences can make, and creating a work environment that maximizes the potential of all employees. (Foothill-De Anza Community College District, 2015) Religion Religion in the workplace is an area that most people try to stay away from. People

Supply Chain Risk Management Analysis Essay - 3068 Words

SUPPLY CHAIN RISK MANAGEMENT Intro: It is too difficult to give one and distinctive definition of Supply Chain Risk management (SCRM). Indeed, Sodhi, Son, and Tang (2012) begins their findings with the similar fact that ‘there is no clear consensus on the definition of SCRM (because some restrict the scope of SCRM to rare but large impact events while other authors believe that SCRM is about demand-supply uncertainties. 1/3rd of their analysis did not just show that respondents took a probabilistic approach and define SCRM as dealing with probabilities related to supply demand matching but also the same number took an operations view in suggesting that SCRM deals exclusively with risks originating from SC performance. This paper categorizes definitions, risks related to SCRM and some tools on different basis. Definitions of supply chain management risk by some well-known authors Different authors in their article have used different definitions of risk and supply chain risk management. Some authors has done it by categorizing risk or supply chain risks in various parts and some have done it without categorizing â€Å"Risk definition can either be objective or subjective. Risk which relies on probability alone, such as coin flipping or dice throwing, is considered to be objective. However, when the consequences of risk need to be assessed along with its expectation of occurrence, it is categorized as subjective risk.† In this definition author categorized risk as objectiveShow MoreRelatedSupply Chain Risk Management Analysis1521 Words   |  7 Pages Uta Jà ¼ttner, (2005),Supply chain risk management, The International Journal of Logistics Management, Vol. 16 Iss 1 pp. 120 - 141. Supply chain risk management is an intersection of supply chain management and risk management. For this we need to understand the benefits and as well as the limitations of both the concepts. Supply chain risk is about any threat of interruption in the order of workings of the supply chain. This Risk is generated as result of risk ‘drivers’ that are internal or externalRead MoreAn Empirical Analysis Of Supply Chain Risk Management1692 Words   |  7 PagesDaniel Hoenig in the paper titled â€Å"An empirical analysis of supply chain risk management in the German automotive industry† applied the practices of supply chain risk management by surveying sixty-seven manufacturing plants in German automotive industry. The need of real empirical research in supply chain risk management to help analyzing supply chain risk and test the previous research proposed instruments that can be applied for supply chain risk management was the motivation of this work. In this paperR ead MoreIntroduction Of A Supply Chain Management1564 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction A supply chain (SC) consists of a set of organizations that work together to take in raw materials, convert the raw materials into higher value products, and sell the products to the end customer (Kelly 2005). The management of these flows to generate profit is known as supply chain management (Sodhi and Tang 2012). Supply chain risk management (SCRM) is defined, very broadly, as the identification, analysis and evaluation of events that can have a negative effect on supply chain performanceRead MoreGlobal Supply Chain Network Challenges1259 Words   |  6 Pagesorganizations confronted compelling supply chain network challenges that extended their abilities to the limit. Both the dominance of characteristic calamities and gigantic monetary swings brought about great difficulties over the supply chain. These challenges have not diminished. Supply chains, which once worked just about on autopilot, face numerous perils today in both the worldwide and the domestic market. This paper covers the most common hazards in the worldwide supply chain network and strategies forRead MoreEffectiveness Of Risk Identification And Analysis Of Construction Projects Of Mumbai City Of Multi Storeyed Building Essay929 Words   |  4 PagesAbstract – Risk is present in all projects irrespective of their size or sector. If risks are not properly analyzed and strategies are not developed to deal with them, the project is likely to lead to failures. Therefore, special strategies and processes should be established during the initial phases of the project and also monitored throughout the project life cycle. There are different techniques of risk identification and analysis in construction projects. Applicability of various risk assessmentRead MoreHostel Information System1665 Words   |  7 PagesCASE STUDY ANALYSIS OF EXEL PLC Supply chain management at Haus Mart INDEX TABLE OF CONTENTS Page No. 1. Executive summary 3 2. Problem (Issue) statement 4 3. Data analysis 4 4. Key Decision Criteria 5 5. Alternatives analysis 6 6. Recommendations 8 7. Exhibits 9 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Exel Plc is the world’s largest third party logistics service provider. The company offers variety of services which can be broadlyRead MoreManaging The Risks Of The Supply Chain Essay1573 Words   |  7 PagesMANAGING THE RISKS OF THE SUPPLY CHAIN Adam Lindeman November 21, 2016 Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement of 295 ISE Seminar Course FALL Semester, 2016 Systems Science and Industrial Engineering Department Thomas J. Watson School of Engineering and Applied Science State University of New York at Binghamton TABLE OF CONTENTS Will update for final paper. Will include a complete list of every section and where to find it. Sections will include an Introduction, Analysis, ConclusionRead MoreFailure Case Of K Mart s It Modernization System Project1256 Words   |  6 Pagesproject? How did its project manager do in this project? What are the project problems? How can we learn from the failure of this case? The paper includes the case background introduction, the project development process, the problems in the project, analysis and discussion, and conclusion about the lesson from the case. INTRODUCTION Today, IT project is more popular than before because of IT huge potential opportunities for business developments. Many companies start IT system project for optimizingRead MoreProduction Planning And Inventory Control1520 Words   |  7 PagesPlanning and Inventory Control Processes covers manufacturing, storage, and related areas. Specifically, the production planning controls the designing and management of the entire airplane manufacturing processes input material scheduling and acquisition, manufacturing, design, and material handling. The inventory control is on the design and management of storage procedures for the raw materials inputs in the airplane manufacturing processes, work-in-progress inventories, and final products. The DistributionRead MoreMaterial Flows And Inventory Policy During Military Scm1484 Words   |  6 PagesMaterial Flows and Inventory Policy in Military SCM According to Major Joshua M. Lenzini in his article Anticipatory Logistics: The Army’s Answer to Supply Chain Management, â€Å"Supply chain management is similar for both corporate and military organizations. However, some significant differences are evident in these models. The first is the absence of maintenance on the corporate model. Another is that transportation, distribution, and warehousing are unidirectional in the corporate model but dual

8th of march free essay sample

Happy womens day! International Womens Day (8 March) is an occasion marked by womens groups around the world. This date is also commemorated at the United Nations and is designated in many countries as a national holiday. This day women on all continents, often divided by national boundaries and by ethnic, linguistic, cultural, economic and political differences, come together to celebrate their Day. 8th March is celebrated as International Womens Day, worldwide. The day is observed to bring a ocial revolution aiming at gender equality. In fact, in some countries like China, Nepal, Vietnam, Russia, its an official holiday! Here are some fun-facts about Womens Day and areas where women excel, which is sure to make every woman proud of herself! 1. The first Womens Day was observed on 19th March 1911. More than 1 million women and men attended rallies to support womens right to work, vote, hold public office and to end gender discrimination. We will write a custom essay sample on 8th of march or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Over the years, 8th March as fixed as International Womens Day. 2. Research suggests that women possess much stronger verbal skills, compared to men. Women are naturally more articulate. 3. Yellow mimosa is the symbol of Womens Day in Italy, Russia and Albania. In Italy, men give flowers to women. Chocolates and yellow mimosa tops as gifts in Russia and Alba 4. Women have better empathy and can interpret emotions better. Women are also faster to identify something visually different than usual. According to scientists, women have a stronger immune system and female hormone oestrogen gives women this edge! 6. Women, if they receive proper medical care during her birth and pregnancy, have a longer life expectancy than men. 7. Women and caring go hand in hand. This may be the reason why many patients prefer female doctors. Several studies indicate that female doctors are more encouraging, reassuring and spend up to 10% more time with patients.

Cold climate free essay sample

Edmund Contoski, Global Warming, Global Myth, Liberty, vol. 22, September 2008. Â © Copyright 2008, Liberty Foundation. Reproduced by permission. In the last 1. 6 million years there have been 63 alternations between warm and cold climates, and no indication that any of them were caused by changes in carbon dioxide levels. Edmund Contoski is a retired environmental consultant who now serves as a columnist for FORCES International Liberty News Network, an organization that advocates individual liberty unfettered by state-imposed restrictions. In the following viewpoint, Contoski asserts that global warming is scientifically unproven and that the facts reveal that the earth periodically experiences changing climates. He denies that carbon dioxide emissions have any noticeable impact on global temperatures and furthermore claims that human-made emissions are insignificant when compared to the carbon output of natural sources that have always been beyond human control. As you read, consider the following questions: Why does Contoski argue that carbon dioxide is the weakest of greenhouse gases? What benefits does the author see in warming global temperatures? What hidden political agenda might reside behind global warming alarmism, according to Constoski? During the 20th century, the earth warmed 0. 6 degree Celsius (1 degree Fahrenheit), but that warming has been wiped out in a single year with a drop of 0. 63 degree C. (1. 13 F. ) in 2007. A single year does not constitute a trend reversal, but the magnitude of that temperature drop—equal to 100 years of warming—is noteworthy. Of course, it can also be argued that a mere 0. 6 degree warming in a century is so tiny it should never have been considered a cause for alarm in the first place. But then how could the idea of global warming be sold to the public? In any case, global cooling has been evident for more than a single year. Global temperature has declined since 1998. Meanwhile, atmospheric carbon dioxide has gone in the other direction, increasing 15-20%. This divergence casts doubt on the validity of the greenhouse hypothesis, but that hasnt discouraged the global warming advocates. They have long been ignoring far greater evidence that the basic assumption of greenhouse warming from increases in carbon dioxide is false. No Connection Between Carbon Dioxide and Global Warming Manmade emissions of carbon dioxide were not significant before worldwide industrialization began in the 1940s. They have increased steadily since. Over 80% of the 20th centurys carbon dioxide increase occurred after 1940—but most of the centurys temperature increase occurred before 1940! From 1940 until the mid-1970s, the climate also failed to behave according to the greenhouse hypothesis, as carbon dioxide was strongly increasing while global temperatures cooled. This cooling led to countless scare stories in the media about a new ice age commencing. In the last 1. 6 million years there have been 63 alternations between warm and cold climates, and no indication that any of them were caused by changes in carbon dioxide levels. A recent study of a much longer period (600 million years) shows—without exception—that temperature changes precede changes in carbon dioxide levels, not the other way around. As the earth warms, the oceans yield more carbon dioxide to the atmosphere, because warmer water cannot hold as much carbon dioxide as colder water. The public has been led to believe that increased carbon dioxide from human activities is causing a greenhouse effect that is heating the planet. But carbon dioxide comprises only 0. 035% of our atmosphere and is a very weak greenhouse gas. Although it is widely blamed for greenhouse warming, it is not the only greenhouse gas, or even the most important. Water vapor is a strong greenhouse gas and accounts for at least 95% of any greenhouse effect. Carbon dioxide accounts for only about 3%, with the remainder due to methane and several other gases. Humankinds Carbon Output Is Miniscule Not only is carbon dioxides total greenhouse effect puny, mankinds contribution to it is minuscule. The overwhelming majority (97%) of carbon dioxide in the earths atmosphere comes from nature, not from man. Volcanoes, swamps, rice paddies, fallen leaves, and even insects and bacteria produce carbon dioxide, as well as methane. According to the journalScience (Nov. 5, 1982), termites alone emit ten times more carbon dioxide than all the factories and automobiles in the world. Natural wetlands emit more greenhouse gases than all human activities combined. (If greenhouse warming is such a problem, why are we trying to save all the wetlands? ) Geothermal activity in Yellowstone National Park emits ten times the carbon dioxide of a midsized coal-burning power plant, and volcanoes emit hundreds of times more. In fact, our atmospheres composition is primarily the result of volcanic activity. There are about 100 active volcanoes today, mostly in remote locations, and were living in a period of relatively low volcanic activity. There have been times when volcanic activity was ten times greater than in modern times. But by far the largest source of carbon dioxide emissions is the equatorial Pacific Ocean. It produces 72% of the earths emissions of carbon dioxide, and the rest of the Pacific, the Atlantic, the Indian Ocean, and the other oceans also contribute. The human contribution is overshadowed by these far larger sources of carbon dioxide. Combining the factors of water vapor and natures production of carbon dioxide, we see that 99. 8% of any greenhouse effect has nothing to do with carbon dioxide emissions from human activity. So how much effect could regulating the tiny remainder have upon world climate, even if carbon dioxide determined climate? The Benefits of Warming The global warming advocates make all sorts of false claims about dire consequences of global warming. They claim it will result in the spread of malaria, food shortages, more human deaths, more violent weather, and a loss of biological diversity through the extinction of species. All untrue. The largest number of species—the greatest biological diversity—is in the tropics. As you move away from the equator, you find fewer and fewer species, until you reach the earths poles, where there is zero diversity because nothing can live there. Agricultural productivity is also reduced by cold climate, not a warmer one. Thats why Siberia and Alaska are not noted for agricultural abundance. A warmer climate would mean longer growing seasons and would make agriculture possible in areas where it isnt today. And there are at least 300 studies showing plants and forests grow faster and more luxuriantly under conditions of increased carbon dioxide. Our bodies require heat. We are warm-blooded and have no fur. We wear clothes, build homes, and heat them with fires, all as protection against the cold. Far more people move to Florida, California, or Arizona because of warm climate than move to Alaska, North Dakota, or Montana. Canada is the worlds second largest country, but 90% of the population lives within 100 miles of its southern border. Worldwide, far more people die every year from cold than from heat. So why should global warming be bad for us? Contrary Evidence Heres an example of the global warming alarmists completely ignoring contrary data, or even denying it exists. Some scientists assert that the current level of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere (about 380 parts per million) is the highest in 800,000 years. The media sucks this up and broadcasts it all over the airwaves and the newspapers, and the public, not knowing any better, believes it must be true. But how could such learned men be so ignorant in their own field of expertise as to not know of the abundant temperature records that give lie to their claim? How could they not know of the monumental compilation by Ernst-Georg Beck of more than 90,000 direct carbon dioxide measurements, between 1812 and 1961, from 175 published technical papers? Zbigniew Jaworowski, M. D. , Ph. D. , D. Sc. , says these measurements were ignored for three decades not because they were wrong. Indeed, these measurements were made by top scientists, including two Nobel Prize winners, using techniques that are standard textbook procedures. The only reason for rejection was that these measurements did not fit the hypothesis of anthropogenic global warming. I regard this as perhaps the greatest scientific scandal of our time. Why is it that the global warming advocates are unfazed by any contrary evidence, no matter how strong? All their claims of disasters from global warming have been debunked. All their computer models have been shown to be false, to be based on flawed assumptions, incapable of being reconciled with the observable facts. Vaclav Klaus, President of the Czech Republic and a university professor before he became president, is the author of a book on global warming and has spoken often on the subject. He says, What frustrates me is the feeling that everything has already been said and published, that all rational argument has been used, yet it does not help. It does not help because global warming alarmism is not based on rational argument. It is not based on science. It is not based on reality. It is based on political ideology. If rational argument doesnt fit, then phony arguments must be invented: the spread of malaria, the loss of biological diversity, polar bears disappearing, etc. If computer models can predict disaster scenarios only by programming unrealistic assumptions, then that will be done. If global warming does not fit the observable temperature measurements, then a new reality must be invented to fit the ideology: the actual temperature records must be altered or dismissed. The global warming advocates are not disturbed by all this because, in their view, ideology trumps reality. Hidden Political Agenda Patrick Moore, a cofounder and director of Greenpeace, resigned because of its trend toward abandoning scientific objectivity in favor of political agendas. After the failure of communism, he says, there was little public support for collectivist ideology.

How Overpopulation Causes Social Problems Essays -

How Overpopulation Causes Social Problems How Overpopulation Causes Social Problems Introduction The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate how overpopulation causes social problems. To do so you must take many things into consideration, such as different views of racial problems and conflicting definitions of a social problem. Social problems can be defined in many different ways. They effect everyone and some of us encounter problems everyday as a result of our race, religion, gender, or low income. Others experience problems from technological change or declining neighborhoods, others are affected directly by crime and violence in their own neighborhood, and sometimes definitions of social problems are changed by society because of changes around you. Finally in order to achieve the purpose of this which is to examine and discuss different issues and situations that cause social problems such as poverty. Overpopulation and social problems go hand and hand in todays society and there are many reasons and factors as to why these problems exist. Factors that lead to overpopulation that causes social problems are the increase in the number of single mothers in poor neighborhoods opposed to the decline in birth rates in the more efficient parts of the country, how the death rate is at a steady decline because of medical advances in rich and poor countries, the effects immigrants have on an environment and the population growth that occurs, the influence parents leave on children, and what is being done to help prevent the spread of AIDS because this is a deadly disease which is lowering our population but causing many social problems. Elements of a Social Problem There are also elements that make up a social problem. One of these elements is that they cause physical or mental damage to individuals or society (Carter p16) which means that sometimes people may permanently suffer before any action is taken to solve the problem because everybody thought it was not that big of a deal until sometimes permanent or short term damage has occurred. Another element is they offend the values or standards of some powerful segment of society (Carter p16) which means no matter what you do someone will always take offense against your actions because everyone has different views and values and what is important to some may not be to others. Another element is that they persist for an extended period of time(Carter p16) and everyone can picture that being true because as you solve one problem another always arises. The last element of a social problem is generating competing proposed solutions because of varying evaluations from groups in different social pos itions within a society, which delays reaching consensus on how to attack the problem (Carter P16). This is caused because there are many different social groups that have different ideas and solutions to the problems we may face. Sociological Perspectives on Social Problems There are also different sociological perspectives on social problems such as the functionalist, conflict, interactionist, feminist, and the postmodernist orientations. The functionalist view on social problems focuses on the social structures that hold a society together over time and they also see sociology as the science of social order. The second conflict orientation sees most social problems as arising from disorganization due to group differences. Another view is the interactionist orientation, which concentrates on how people perceive and define the events that influence their lives. The feminist orientation gives women a voice in a world that has been dominated by male-oriented perspectives in the past. The last and final one is the postmodernist orientation which, is an emerging and still controversial approach to studying society. Postmodernist insist that the change is so great that a more complex and far less hopeful world has supplanted the modern one we thought we lied in. The Effect of AIDS and Birth Rates are falling but Population is not. Aids is a deadly disease which is hurting a large amount of our population but at the same time it is causing many conflicts and social problems within our society. This disease has made people outcasts in our society because they have this disease that can kill or make someone ill for a long period of time which will adventually lead to death. Widdison

Analytical overview of the newspaper publishing industry in the uk. The WritePass Journal

Analytical overview of the newspaper publishing industry in the uk. Introduction Analytical overview of the newspaper publishing industry in the uk. , there was a 25% drop in the circulation of the daily newspapers in the UK (Smith 2013). Although the rise of the internet has to some extent benefited newspaper publishers through the revenues generated from advertizing on their online publications, the loss suffered by print advertizing has been far greater than the benefits derived from online publications such that it has resulted in an overall negative growth for most of the newspapers (Boczkowski 2005). Also, the value chain of news production, distribution and consumption has been fundamentally affected by the growth of the internet and the ongoing digitization (Leurdijk et al 2012). Whilst most newspapers have launched their own websites and offered blogs and apps for mobile devices, they still have to bear the costs which are significantly high (Leurdijk et al 2012).   Moreover, the huge quantity of information available online has made it increasingly difficult for people to pay for online services. Pay models which have proven to be successful are scarce. The pay-wall model was initially experimented by some of the newspaper publishers but failed as the subscription revenues could not offset the vast loss of advertising revenues that resulted from decline in readership (Leurdijk et al 2012). However, there have been new attempts lately to re-introduce pay-walls for premium content by some of the publishers such as the New York Times, the Hamburger Abendblatt and The Berliner Morgenpost among others (Leurdijk et al 2012).   But still, only a few companies have managed to succeed in developing viable online business models (Miyamoto Whittaker 2005). Perhaps we can say that the newspaper publishing industry is under turmoil due to the penetration of broadband and the rise of new devices for delivering digital content. Consumers are quickly embracing technology and switching to digital media. However, this transition from traditional print media to digital media varies with age (Fenez et al 2010). The younger generation is particularly the most affected. But as noted by Keynote, the impact has also been felt among the older consumers. Of course these changes will tend to benefit the consumers. Such newer forms of decentralized news will liberate readers from partisan news monopolies which have dominated the industry (Currah 2009). Consumers will also benefit from increase in the availability of free news and news consumption that can be tailored to fit own preference (Currah 2009). But at the same time there is a concern regarding the quality of output, in particular, whether the desired output can be sustained by market. It should be noted that, unlike the traditional news organizations, many actors involved in the online content lack the large fixed cost base needed to provide in-depth and varied reporting of news (OECD 2010). In this regard, will vulnerable news genres such as reporting on local government, investigative journalism and reporting on areas not of immediate economic or political interest, survive (Leurdijk et al 2010)? This is an issue that requires further documentation. Current issues and what the future holds Following the recent recession that led to declining business profit, the advertisers budget has today shrunk (Smith 2013). The impact of the recession has been a decline in readership due to high prices of newspapers. Also, the recent phone hacking scandal that implicated tabloid newspapers has undermined trust in journalists and led to a declining demand in major papers (Smith 2013). More recently, the introduction a new generation of eReaders such the iPad, tablet computers and kindles has provided an alternative for accessing information online (Sabagh 2011). With influx of such portable technology, the decline print newspaper is likely to accelerate, adding pressure to the traditional models that have supported many titles (Sabbagh 2011). The impact of these changes has already been felt by a number of local newspapers with 31 titles closing in 2010 (Sabbagh 2011). However, there are those that seem to handle the transition well such as the Financial Times which has seen a growth in digital subscription (Sabbagh 2011). For instance, in 2011, the average print circulation of Financial Times (FT) was 297,227 whereas that of the digital circulation was around 301,471, indicating a 31% increase in digital subscribers (Greenslade 2012). During the same year, the average global audience grew to 2.1m whereas that of the print stayed flat (Greenslade 2012). But while FT has made a successful digital transition, majority of the newspapers have not succeed in developing viable online business models. Given the declining demand, pressure has mounted on newspapers to adopt defence mechanism in order to protect their bottom line (Smith 2011). Publishers have been forced to optimize online advertizing platforms and some others have had to adopt paywalls (Smith 2011). Also, there are those that are opting to expand internationally in efforts to capture a new market in an information-centric society (Smith 2011). The structural challenges facing the newspaper publishing industry have no doubt resulted in a decline in circulation volume and a shift of advertizing to online channels. The growth in information technology is already having an impact on consumption behaviours as reading is losing against listening and watching of news via the Televisions, radios and the internet (ATKearney 2005). The trend is also forecast to continue in the coming future. As pointed out by ATKearney (2005), circulation of newspapers is likely to decline by over 25% in the forthcoming 20 years due to a decline in readership and the growth of digital generation. With newspaper revenue declining, there is a higher possibility of heavy consolidation to occur through company ‘attrition’ and Merger and acquisition activities (ATKearney 2005). The impact of the recent phone hacking scandal is likely to be minimal as popular titles still remain in fair commercial health. Tabloid newspapers such as ‘The People’, ‘The Daily’ and ‘Sunday Mirror’, and ‘Record titles’ in Scotland are still in fair commercial health. However, whilst the Leveson inquiry is expected to have minimal effects on the industry performance, a concern has been raised that the resulting regulation will be unbalanced between print news and that published online (Smith 2011). Conclusion Indeed we have seen that a number of factors have contributed to a decline in newspaper circulation such as recession, new technology (e-readers and smartphones), new internet intermediaries, new business models, and social factors such as increased participation in creation of digital content. These changes have had mixed effects in the industry. On the one extreme, consumers have benefited from availability of free information and consumption of news content which can be tailored to suit their own preferences. Also such newer forms of decentralized news have liberated readers from partisan news monopolies which have dominated the industry. On the other extreme, the traditional print media has been declining and this demise puts at risk an important foundation of democratic societies. Also, there is a concern that the desired quality output may not be sustainable as many actors involved in the online content lack the large fixed cost base needed to provide in-depth and varied reporting of news. Reference Anon, 2013. UK regional newspapers. Magforum ATKearney, 2005. Newspaper endgame: evolution scenarios for the European Newspaper Publishing industry. London Berte, K. and De Bens, E., 2008. ‘Newspapers go for advertising! Challenges and opportunities in a changing media environment’. Journalism Studies, 9(5), 692-703. Boczkowski, P. J., 2005. Digitizing the news: innovation in online newspapers. Cambirdge, Currah, A., 2009. Whats happening to our news: an investigation into the likely impact of the digital revolution on the economics of news publishing in the UK. Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism. Elvestad, E. and Blekesaune, A., 2008. ‘Newspaper readers in Europe: a multilevel study of individual and national differences’. European Journal of Communication, 23(4), 425-447. Fenez, M., Middelweerd, J., Van der Donk, M., 2010. Moving into multiple business models. Pricewaterhousecoopers, Greenslade, R., 2012. How the Financial Times successfully made the digital transition. The Guardian. Hamel, G. and Prahalad, C.K., 1994, Competing for the Future, Boston MA: Harvard Business School Press. Keynote, 2010. Publishing industry: who still reads newspapers? {viewed on 24th April 2013} availablefrom https://www.keynote.co.uk/media-centre/in-the-news/display/publishing-industry%3A-who-still-reads-newspapers%3F/?articleId=426 Leurdijk,A., Slot, M., Niewenhuis, O., 2012. Statistical, ecosystems and competitiveness analysis of the media and content industries: The newspaper publishing industry. Joint Research Centre Massachusetts: MIT Press. Miyamoto, D. and Whittaker, D., 2005. The book publishing industry in Japan and the UK: corporate philosophy/objectives, behaviour and market structure. Working paper No.309, ESRC Centre for Business Research OECD 2010, The evolution of news and the internet. DSTI/ICCP/IE(2009)14/FINAL Office of Fair Trading (OFT), 2008, Newspaper and magazine distribution in the United Kingdom, Crown Publishers Sabbagh, D., 2011. iPads and Kindles force newspapers further away from print. The Guardian Smith, G., 2013. Newspaper publishing in the UK industry market research report now updated by IBISWorld. IBISWorld {viewed on 24th April 2013} available from prweb.com/releases/2013/2/prweb10407604.htm

Accounting for investments under U.S. GAAP Personal Statement

Accounting for investments under U.S. GAAP - Personal Statement Example Investments are categorized as either long-term or short -term investments. Current investments are. Other investments that are not current are categorized as long-term investments (Epstein, Nach & Bragg, 2009). The U.S GAAP provides various standards for accounting for investments. The objective of U.S accounting standards that deal with property plant and equipment is to recommend treatment of property; plant and equipment to enable users of financial information have proper details regarding the enterprises investment in property, plant and equipment and changes in such investments. The main issues in accounting for PPE are recognition of the assets, determination of the assets carrying amounts, the appropriate depreciation charges and impairment losses that are supposed to be recognized in relation to these assets (Thornton, 2013). According U.S GAAP, Property plant and equipment include tangible items that are: 1) held for the purpose of production of goods and services, rental to others, or for administrative needs, 2) anticipated to be used for more than one period and, 3) It is probable that the future economic benefits related with the items will flow to the enterprise and 4) the cost of the PPE can be measured reliably (Thornton, 2013). The cost of an item of PPE is the cash amount or its equivalent, paid in acquiring the asset, commonly adjusted for amortization and other allocations after acquisition. If an enterprise recognizes a liability for retirement of an asset obligation, the carrying amount of the long-lived asset should be increased by an amount equivalent to the liability (Thornton, 2013). Routine maintenance costs should be expensed as they are incurred. Major inspection and repair costs can be expensed as incurred or capitalized and amortized to the subsequent major inspection or repair. Borrowing

Google verses Microsoft Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Google verses Microsoft - Research Paper Example They offer a variety of IT products that include the operating systems, design of site operations by companies, products that facilitates efficient advertising. The company majorly engages in the provision of search, advertising, operating system platforms, and enterprise services in general. Microsoft on the other hand does not deal so much on different products than those of Google. Microsoft came into existence in the 1980’s with the major object of ensuring that business IT solutions are well effected, it offered the earlier IT services that included the Microsoft office tools which it has kept upgrading till recent. Its latest product is the Bing, which has been developed to counter the Android that is a product provided by the Google incorporation. Microsoft had been divided into five divisions in terms of the product, hence termed as product divisions. They include; Windows and Windows Live Division, Server and Tools, Online Services Division. All the above are engaged in the production and distribution of operating system products including their upgrade components, Microsoft Business Division; this departments is that which is engaged in the actual business operations which ranges from management to marketing, this department is that which fuels the objectives of helping businesses achieve active business solutions. Entertainment and Devices Division takes care of the entertainment sector. This is a major revenue-generating center for Microsoft incorporation and the corporation derives most of its income from this branch of the division. Microsoft employs the Total Quality Management style (TQM) of leadership. This is a management style where the every employee in the organization employs a proactive measure to ensure that the VMO’s of the organizations are met. Total Quality management also involves management by providing services high quality services that can withstand international completion. Google on the contrary employs a sought of beaurcratic management leadership style where a chain of command flows from the CEO downwards (Vise, 2008). Other competitors are Apple, twitter, Face book which are also IT service companies in the industry. Google financial ratios Name Formula 2008 2009 2010 Current Ratio Current Assets/Current liabilities 8.7 10.6 4.1 Return on Asset EBIT/Total Assets 8.4% 5.8% 5.1% Return on equity EBIT/Shareholders Earnings 13% 16% 14.1% Debt ratio Total debt/Equity 8.1% 7.6% 2.1% Fixed asset turnover Inventory/Fixed Assets 32.2 41.2% 21.4% Dividend payout ratio Earnings/Ordinary Shares 1.8% 2.1% 2.7% P/E ratio MPS/EPS 1.18 2.86 3.27 The movements in their financial ratios determine the performance of any company. The ratios as identified above are determines the liquidity of the company, profitability, the long-term prospects, and even the growth of the company. Liquidity on this case is shown by the current ratio. The current ratio shows the value of current assets as compared to the liabi lities of the companies. Google has high progressively increasing current assets ratio. This shows overcapitalization. It therefore means that, Google has invested much on Current assets than they have liability. The impact of this is that the company risks having liquidity problems in the future since the since it does not have an appropriate liquid cash to undertake their day-to-day operations. Profitability ratios are return ratios that depicts the profitability trends of the company. It is normally the wish

Leadership and Steve Jobs Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Leadership and Steve Jobs - Research Paper Example During his stay at Apple, Steve Jobs was praised due to his ability to structure the strategies of the company and its goals into an appealing story. The ability was evident through his ability to structure a coherent and a highly compelling narrative that merged the mission and the values being pursued, which was a key theme as a strategy for Apple. Based on the storytelling abilities of Steve Jobs and the management of the company, the narratives have resulted in the development of highly effective marketing movements and campaigns. One of these marketing campaigns is the â€Å"think different† series of advertisements, which offered the company, a platform from which they could distinguish themselves from competing companies (Lashinsky & Burke, 2009). Through the storytelling and idea packaging abilities, Jobs was able to structure the visions of the company, about its products – in ways that different stakeholders could identify with. For example, Jobs projected the vision of developing user-friendly computers that would change the lives of people like the telephone and automobiles had done, which the company realized (Lashinsky & Burke, 2009). This characteristic is evidenced by the ability of a leader, to develop meanings around factors, forces and trends that are external to the business, and then utilise the knowledge to develop models and to formulate business strategies that differentiate the business from others. Following Steve Job’s ability to seize available and upcoming opportunities, Steve Jobs was able to align the Apple Company to the external environment of the organization to develop opportunities (Dalrymple, 2009). Following his outlook, Jobs was able to tell that the niche in the personal computing was not large enough for the company to exploit. Following the realization, Jobs was able to foresee the

The February 1917 Revolution

The February 1917 Revolution The two revolutions of 1905 and 1917 were both different in their own ways. The 1905 revolution was ultimately crushed but it was crucial and necessary in succeeding to overthrow the Tsar in the February revolution of 1917. Key factors that played a part in the 1905 revolution were exploited by Bolshevik leaders such as Lenin, Trotsky and Stalin in the 1917 revolution. These Bolsheviks who were exiled learned from the 1905 revolution and capitalized on this in the 1917 revolution. The 1905 revolution was caused by a numerous amount of reasons. Discontentment with living conditions in Russia amongst the people was the main instigator of the revolution. While Russias labor force grew, the living conditions of the workers diminished. This saw a need for a better way of life for the workers. The Russo Japanese War between 1904 1905 caused even more discontent between the workers and peasants because of the inflation the war had caused. The workers who just had enough to eat before the war now starved. On January 9 1905, Priest Father Gabon led a unarmed and peaceful march to the Winter Palace in St. Petersburg to present a petition to the Tsar demanding the end of the war, industrial reform, a constituent assembly and more civil liberties for the Russian masses. The petition does not blame the Tsar for all the problems that have been caused rather than blaming those who come between the Tsar and his people. According to Nelson this petition reflects continuing confidence in the Tsar as the source of initiative and change in the system.  [1]  However, the Russian guard unprovoked opened fire on the people killing and injuring many of them. This dramatic event ultimately lead to the erosion of the popular image of the Tsar and the major sustaining myth of the Tsarist structure.  [2]   These two events were the ultimate reasons for revolution in 1905. However, we must examine as to why the 1905 revolution failed to overthrow Tsar. The political parties that were involved in the 1905 revolution shared the same goal of overthrowing the Tsar but they were divided rather than united. Each of the political parties had their own way of tackling Tsardom. Because of this it allowed the monarchy to crush any form of resistance against Tsardom. The political parties also had discontent amongst themselves: the Mensheviks disagreed with the Bolsheviks and also the moderate Socialist Revolutionaries disagreed with the radical Socialist revolutionaries. This also lead to the internal structure of the parties being weak and struggling to overthrow the monarchy. The propaganda programs led by the political parties failed to secure the support from the masses. Their ideas did not represent the wishes of the masses for social and economic reforms. The social democrats promoted the creation of a Socialist State through a class struggle. However, many of the workers failed to understand the revolutionaries ideas and only wanted an improved economic livelihood. The Socialist revolutionaries campaigned for the government takeover of land , even though the peasants wanted just the land to be divided amongst themselves. The 1905 revolution was momentous as it was the first time in Russia millions of people took part in a revolutionary movement. In and around Russia, Soviets were formed and acted as a somewhat government and ordered the workers not to pay taxes and to go on strikes. The peasants also formed a peasant union which was replicated along with the Soviets in the 1917 revolution. According to Lenin, the 1905 revolution was the Great dress rehearsal for the February revolution of 1917.  [3]  These new forms of worker organizations would later be the centerpiece of the successful revolution of 1917. After Tsar Nicholas II signed the October Manifesto in 1905, it seemed as though the needs of the workers and peasants were met. This manifesto gave the people certain civil rights, introduced the Duma and turned Russia into a constitutional monarchy. Even though Tsar Nicholas II promised certain civil rights and the Duma in the October Manifesto, he abused it shortly after the 1905 revolution. This infringement of the October Manifesto also led to the beginning of the February revolution. World War I impacted the February revolution the same way the Russo Japanese War had impacted in 1905. Defeat and causalities in the war disheartened the Russian population and wanted the Tsar to withdraw from the war. Following on in March 1917, workers in Petrograd went on strike demanding food: whereas in 1905 the workers were striking for civil rights. The war had inflated the price of bread and the Russians were unable to afford it. In spite of the strikes, Tsar Nicholas II ordered the army to take care of the strikers but unlike in 1905 on Bloody Sunday were the troops opened fire, this time they teamed up with the people. Unlike what happened in the 1905 revolution, this saw the Duma set up a provisional government to rule the country and consequently the workers and troops followed setting up their own branches of Soviets. The provisional governments ruled as long as it obeyed by the wishes of the Soviets. At this stage in Russia, it created the opportunity for a political party to form and take control of Russia. Lenin who had been in exile, along with Trotsky comprised the Bolshevik party and began to win the support of the masses. Their main slogans were Peace, Land and bread and All power to the Soviets. This attracted the masses which promised them a sustainable way of life: unlike in 1905 were this was not seen. The Mensheviks and the Socialist Revolutionary party lost the support of the people as decided to continue fighting in World War I. Lenin, backed by the Red Guard soon took control over Petrograd and by October the Bolsheviks had complete control of Russia. The revolutions of 1905 and 1917 differed in their own individual way. In 1905, the workers and peasants revolted on their own and even though political parties had tried to seize control of Russia, they failed in each respect to have the organization and support to do so. However, as we see in 1917, the Bolshevik party was far more organized and structured which lead to them taking complete control. While Lenin and other leaders were in exile, they had learned from the 1905 revolution and this knowledge proved invaluable in how to gain support of the masses and the importance of propaganda. Propaganda had made a significant difference from both revolutions. In 1905, the political parties did not promise anything to the people. However, as we see in the 1917 revolution, slogans such as Peace, Land and bread proved pivotal and unquestionably made the revolution successful.

Cheap Stunts :: essays papers

Cheap Stunts Topic: Using basic techniques combined with creative thinking to achieve stunts and special FX, in low-budget film making. This paper has been written with the low budget film maker in mind. Seeing as though I am personally used to working with little or no money to produce a film or a video, I have always searched, through nessicity, for new ways to create effective looking stunts, special effects, and in general unique looking shots, devices and ‘looks’ in my movies. Of course stunts and special FX may not be your cup of tea when it comes to making or watching a film, and this is fair enough. If a dialogue laden script and endless two shots and close-ups take your fancy, then I’m sure you don’t need to be told how to achieve this. It is simply a matter of writing the script, then setting up the camera and shooting it, generally speaking. However when it comes to low budget film making these days I feel that the film maker must make a special effort to produce a movie that is unique and interesting for an audience to experience. This does not necessarily mean that the film maker must load the film with cheap stunts, blood and guts to grab an audience’s attention. However they should at least try to create something that is very original and makes the audience question how they achieved the results that they did, even if the movie does consist of only ‘two shots’ and ‘close-ups’. In the case of this type of movie (two shot/close-up style), the obvious place to start with ‘creative thinking’ is when writing the script. However this should be fundamental to any script, story or idea. First of all, whoever you are, you must realise that it isn’t money that makes a good film, it is the idea and how that idea is achieved in creative ways. Of course it’s a great thing if you do have a little bit of money to put towards a film, however, throwing around creativity will always win over throwing around a ton of cash at a film, I believe anyway. You probably already have realised this, but for the uninitiated, this is the core theme of this paper; use your creativity where possible, not your money.

Mikes Bikes Marketing Plan Essay

Executive summary: M3p bikes corporation is a bicycle manufacturing company that provides products and services to the local community of Sydney NSW. Our production plant manufactures a variety of bicycles which we sell to customers through a variety of retailers & wholesalers including bike shops, sport shops & discount stores. The main idea of the strategy is to take the middle route in regards to marketing, operations & finance. This way, we would not be lagging in any sector, and thus no other firm can take advantage of us in any sector. By marketing sure we have reputable investments in advertisement, public relations, distribution and etc, we would be able to watch the market and pounce on opportunities that may rise, while not worrying about all of our other sectors of business, that s for the very early rollovers (The introduction of mountain bike). For the next coming years we will be introducing another 2 different types of bikes, Road bike, & youth bike. Each of the 2 bikes will have its own  strategy. Our road bike product strategy will be based on high pricing, lower volume and that for the reason Road bike segment are not sensitive to price as other segments some will pay up to 2500$ for the right bike, all what customers care about in this segment is the Quality of the bike. We will not be focusing too much on advertising since this segment focus more on the advice of a sales assistance, word of mouth & Friends past experience. The youth bike segment product strategy will be based on low price, higher volume. Product has to be durable, but also relatively inexpensive while having the best image on the block. Youth Bike segment is very large, the demand for a product is determined by many factors in addition to the product attributes. These also include a focus on Advertising and distribution. All we want to make sure is that we are not lagging extremely behind in any sector, but at the same time not spread our money out in too many sectors without a focus. While maintaining a small balance, we will spend the majority of our funds in a sector such quality, so that we know that we have a great competitive edge in one area. Thus, we will be able to focus our products, lines of bikes, marketing around that one area to reduce dispersed expense. Over all, our team will do well in the industry. We will be able to maintain high sales and revenue that kept our management and staff motivated. Teamwork and morale in our firm is outstanding and we will be giving shareholders and a customer continues support. Our company is operating in a western capitalist economy with a population of approximately 15 million people. Customers are having high income and want from a particular bike to suit their individual needs. Market is separated into the three sections. The low cost Youth Bike, mid-range Mountain Bike and the high end Road bikes. Due to the very competitive market, government is regulating and prohibiting competition from other countries. Only local manufactures are able to produce, at the beginning just Mountain Bike segment, later on the rest two also. Consumers are not limited to a single market, many of them will be  purchasing multiple bikes, but all of them have specific preferences. Successful company will meet customer’s needs and maximize sales by growing the potential market size as well as taking sales from competitors. Every segment has different expectations most important things are design or style and technical specification. All products are sensitive because of life cycle and therefore needs to be modified through the years. Demand for the product is determined by many factors, like pricing, quality, advertising and distribution.   Consumers are able to choose to buy from three categories of retailers. Bike shops, sports stores and discount stores. Proportion is different for every bike. Every retailer is different with some specifications. Everything has to be combine, all the customers, retailers but also production needs. The better we could deal with this problem, the more successful the M3P bikes could be. Distribution is specific because the number of channels will decide to stock the products or not. It depends on the retail price, margin, unit sales history and also extra support.   Media are also playing very crucial role. There are 3 basic choices to advertising a product and public relations campaigns. There are television, internet and magazines.   Advertising is about raising product awareness level by running advertising campaigns. Every kind of advertising is sensible on different things. More money we are able to afford more multiple media are reach effectively. In the case of public relations, some products are more sensitive and some less. It also very important step to brand advertising. Having high brand awareness makes consumers more aware of company and more likely to buy their product. Maintaining a constant expand of branding is important in a process of gaining a loyal customer. Swot Strengths: – Ability to maintain the middle route – creating a well known international brand. – predict and utilize different advertising tools to create good product awareness. – Very efficient with our product output. – forecast sales extremely accurately – Producing high products on an affordable level – we are revolve around making sure we are not lagging behind in any major sector of our business so that other firms would be able to take advantage of us. Weakness – very high expenses on advertising and promotion, distribution & quality – Limited budgets Opportunities – opportunities lie within the branding bracket – continue to create a brand that is well known for quality and price. – continue to grow rapidly as a competitive force within the cycling industry. – Following the best distribution channels for every bike. – Following the safe side trying our best for not putting any debts, so we keep in control of our expenses for a certain point. Threats – threats come from our main competitors. – must continue to compete with the firms in price, quality & distribution. Vision: M3p bikes are dedicated to providing quality products and services to our valued customers at affordable prices. Mission statement: Provide quality and affordable products, Put customers first, Increase profits, m3p bikes is a manufacturer committed to make FUN affordable for everyone. We are committed to not only the sport of cycling, but the Joy that a long ride bike can bring. We spark healthy living family bonds in our community by having the most affordable prices and ensuring top-notch customer satisfaction. We make certain that everyone who buys one of our cycles also receives a basic safety guide. Above all else we here at m3p bikes believe in good, clean active fun. Values: Focus on customers, Social responsibility, Integrity, Teamwork, Opportunity and issue analysis * Mantain a brand that is well known for quality and price: M3p Bikes has the increasingly developed infrastructure for bicycles. * Rapidly grown as a competitive force within the cycling industry: While the bicycle industry is affected to some degree by the circular nature of the economy, bicycle and accessory sales never fall completely flat since there are many people that ride bikes regardless if it is economic boom or bust. * Competitors: There are another 6 companies competing the market with M3p Bikes. Key of success: * Reliability. * Convenience. * Unbeatable selection of quality. * Outstanding customer service. Critical Issues: M3p Bikes is still in the speculative stages as a start-up organization. The critical issues that it faces are: * The need to take a conservative approach to expansion. Expansion must not occur for the sake of growth in itself, but should occur because the customers will be better served. * Continue to build brand awareness, driving customers to M3p Bikes. * Maintain good relationships with suppliers. Goals & objectives Goals are the milestones by which achievement of the purpose statement are measured. The Goals also represent the vision for the company system in the future. In order to implement the purpose of the M3p Bikes Plan, the following goals are/will be established: 1. Mantain the high quality of sales and services that M3p Bikes is known for. 2. Maintain a financially healthy business and validate the trust and advocacy of other people in support of this business purchase. 3. Develop bicyclist safety Achieve monthly and yearly sales better than the previous year under the former owner. Focus marketing on our high quality to maintain current growth in sales and service revenue. General information about, Segmentation, targeting, strategies & marketing mix: Marketing Strategy * Promotional campaign: M3P Bikes will be visible at the two major industry trade shows. 75% of the retail bicycle shops attend at least one trade show a year. The shows provide retailers an opportunity to view upcoming products and chat with representatives from the companies as well place pre-season orders. This  campaign will also encourage retailers to stock and promote our bikes. We will provide them a small percentage of profit for that. Extra support is useful to achieve short term boost in distribution coverage as our product is new in market. We are offering discounts, brochures, trials to attract customers. Target market Bikes are such kind of transport system that can be used by all kind of people. we got 3 different kinds of bikes. In 1st year we are only focusing on mountain bikes. After 2 or 3 years of our company we are going to launch bikes in the market such as, Road bikes and Youth bikes. We have different target markets for these different kinds of bikes.

Personal Customs Exemptions for Returning Canadians

Personal Customs Exemptions for Returning Canadians If you are a Canadian resident or temporary resident of Canada returning to Canada from a trip outside the country, or a former Canadian resident returning to live in Canada, you may qualify for a personal exemption to bring a certain value of goods into Canada without having to pay the regular duties. You will still have to pay duties, taxes and any provincial/territory assessments on the value of goods above your personal exemption. Children, even babies, are entitled to a personal exemption. A parent or guardian can make a declaration on the childs behalf as long as the goods being declared are for the childs use. The amount you claim for your personal exemption must be reported in Canadian dollars. Use a foreign exchange converter to change foreign currencies into Canadian dollars. The personal exemption for returning Canadian residents depends on the length of time you have been outside of Canada. The personal exemptions for Canadian residents have been increased effective June 1, 2012. The new exemption limits go up to CAN$200 from CAN$50 for absences of 24 hours or longer, and up to CAN$800 if youre out of the country longer than 48 hours. After a 7-day absence, you are allowed to include goods that will follow you by mail or another delivery method. Outside Canada for Less Than 24 Hours No exemption. Outside Canada for 24 Hours or More If you are outside Canada for 24 hours or more, you may claim a personal exemption of up to CAN$200 worth of goodsthe goods must accompany youtobacco or alcohol may  not be claimed in this exemption Note: If you bring in goods worth more than CAN$200 in total, you cannot claim this exemption. Instead, you have to pay full duties on all the goods you bring in. Outside Canada for 48 Hours or More If you are outside Canada for 48 hours or more, you may claim a personal exemption of up to CAN$800 worth of goodsthe goods must accompany youyou can include some tobacco products and alcohol, but only a partial exemption may apply to cigarettes, tobacco products or manufactured tobacco. Outside Canada for 7 Days or More To calculate the number of days you have been outside Canada for the purposes of this personal exemption, do not include the day you left Canada but do include the day you returned. If you are outside Canada for 7 days or more, you may claim a personal exemption of up to CAN$800 worth of goodsyou can include some tobacco products and alcohol, but only a partial exemption may apply to cigarettes, tobacco products or manufactured tobacco.alcohol and tobacco products must accompany youother goods do not need to accompany you when you cross the border.

Crystal Growing essays

Crystal Growing essays The idea of this is to grow crystals of coloured metal compounds in drops of water on glass slides, under a biological microscope. A drop of water will completely dry up and crystallize in 30 minutes, so if you start 'em 15 minutes before class, students can observe the progress of crystal growth They don't quite grow visibly, but almost: have the students check them every 2 minutes or so Biological (transmitting) microscopes. Stereoscopic mikes are no good for this. Glass slides (high school biology labs have lots of these). In dropper bottles, saturated solutions of Copper Sulphate and Nickel Chloride (my favourites; but any water- soluble transition metal compound is worth trying, because all you need are nice coloured crystals. Ask the storeroom techy for suggestions). Note: saturated solutions just mean that the water has taken up all the solute that it can. An easy way to guarantee this is to mix enough of the powder into the water so that some sits on the bottom of the bottle. Not much. Put drops of the solutions on the slides and put them on the microscopes. The light from the tight sources on the scopes heats up the water and hastens the drying-up process. At first the crystals will be really small and scattered. At mid- stage (20 minutes) you have the most beautiful array of large ones. In the latest stage, quench crystals with irregular tree-like shapes grow rapidly from the edges of the drop inwards. These are like hoar frost on a window pane. A few minutes after they start, the water is gone and crystallization is complete. Safety considerations: these compounds are poisonous: no one should drink them, lick the slides, or run them on their skin. No panic, but ensure responsible lab behaviour. 1. This experiment models the growth of natural crystals like quartz, only on a very compressed time scale. Quartz c ...

Computer Networks Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Computer Networks - Essay Example Q4. This size of network design is because the network is suitable for a medium organization. This makes the size economical as a single router is capable of supporting several hosts (Tanenbaum, Andrew, 93). Communication in this size of a network is faster as the failure of one device does not affect the system. The system also makes it possible to use other connected devices such as printers. Q5. The TPC is the personification of a transmission channel that is very reliable. It is used in the end to end transmission purpose in the general internet architect. All the functionality of a network is required to take a sample of IP datagram release and major upon this control mode which helps in implementing flow control, reliability, sequencing, reliability and the manner in which data streaming is rooted with TCP(Tanenbaum, Andrew,103). The TCP provides a channel of communication between different processes on every host system. The channel is usually very reliable and streaming. In order to achieve this functionality, the drivers in the TPC breaks up the running session DataStream into small segments and then attach them to the TCP header (Tanenbaum, Andrew, 112).

How would you reconcile one strand of the literature which says that Essay

How would you reconcile one strand of the literature which says that culture is a unifying force in organisations with another s - Essay Example A crucial driving force for sustainable organisational development is cultural diversity based on employees from different societies and ways of life. â€Å"By valuing cultural diversity, organisations can prevent segregation and fundamentalism, and promote innovation† (Bhattacharya, 2010, p.86) and creativity. Further, diversity is a key human resource strategy; hence, organisations comply with legislation and also drive business success through selection and retention of talent. Organisational agility built on stability and reconfigurability helps businesses to effectively and rapidly respond to increasingly dynamic environments caused by technological, political, and economic change. As opposed to strong unitary cultures, the emergence of organisational subcultures with similar values as the dominant culture, has been found to increase the functional agility of firms (Boisnier & Chatman, 2002). Similarly, countercultures with a pattern of values and philosophy rejecting tho se of the organisation (Schermerhorn, 2006) serve to increase corporate creative diversity. Thesis Statement: The purpose of this paper is to correlate two approaches; one which views culture as a unifying force in organisations, and the other which values organisational subcultures and countercultures as a source of creative diversity. Organisational Culture Promotes and Unifies Diversity To encourage cultural diversity, it is essential for organisations to endorse culture as the set of spiritual, material, intellectual and emotional characteristics of a social group. Culture includes social mores, value systems, traditions and beliefs. It creates identity, social unity, and a knowledge-based economy. The diversity of cultures in an organisation should be respected through mutual tolerance, communication and cooperation. This is possible through ensuring an organisational environment of reciprocal trust, understanding, solidarity, and intercultural exchanges. Efficient management o f a diverse workforce and pooling of their collective efforts, leads to increased creativity, organisational proficiency and competitiveness. Cultural diversity expands the range of options available for each employee, and promotes organisational development through economic growth. Bhattacharya (2010) supports this view, and observes that cultural diversity promotes â€Å"a more satisfactory intellectual, emotional, moral, and spiritual existence† (p.86) for all members. On the other hand, diversity does not necessarily result in increased organisational effectiveness. Although it is widely acknowledged that cultural diversity leads to several potential benefits to an organisation, it would be necessary to pursue those benefits to realize them. Additionally, â€Å"the challenges presented by diversity may negatively impact organisational performance unless properly managed† (Trefry, 2006, p.568). With globalisation, increasing communication and information technology, various organisations grow into world-wide networks, or establish units spanning multiple nations. Kellner (2002) theorizes the globalisation process as ‘cultural homogenization’ employing the transmission of capital, commodities,

HRM AND TRANSFORMATION Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 1

HRM AND TRANSFORMATION - Essay Example is the first step in effective human-resource management as it involves forecasting the human-resource needs of the organization and planning certain useful and important steps that the organization must take in order to meet those human resource needs that will contribute a high percentage for its overall success as human-resource planning should be connected to the organization’s strategic objectives and mission. (Butensky and Harari, 1983) It can be said that human-resource planning is a challenge because the needs of the organization are constantly changing and sometimes do not converge and such challenge can be greater if the recruitment pool is limited or if the people in charge of human-resource management have not been trained to forecast the organization’s needs to maintain and achieve success in all areas of concern. (Butensky and Harari, 1983) In determining a certain range of importance in regaining factual information regarding as to what extent does human resource planning contributes to the overall success of the organization then, it is important to take in consideration some of its planning issues that may affect positively and or negatively to the success of such organization thus, it is crucial to identify and determine these planning issues as it enumerated below. (Craft, 1980) RetailCo, implements the employment of part time staff and this has provided them some benefits. There is some evidence from a number of sources to indicate a much broader potential for part-time work than its current reputation suggests. Employer benefits complement the increased work flexibility that such programs provide for the suppliers of labor. First, part-time work need not be limited to jobs in the low-pay sales and service sectors where they tend to cluster. Individual examples of New Concept reduced-hour jobs, often among professional librarians, teachers, editors, nurses and others, function well. Some public-sector employing agencies have

The Importance of Photosynthesis and Respiration Essay Example for Free

The Importance of Photosynthesis and Respiration Essay The Importance of Photosynthesis and Respiration Explain how photosynthesis and respiration are linked in order to provide you with energy from the food you eat: Photosynthesis is the process in which certain life forms are able to use sunlight to create energy. This energy is created by making carbohydrates from carbon dioxide and water in the presence of chlorophyll. Plants release large amounts of oxygen into the atmosphere as they produce much more than needed during the photosynthesis process. Aerobic respiration is an important process in life as we know it. This process further breaks down molecules and sugars using oxygen. During this process adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is created, used to store and transfer energy to cells throughout the body. (Aerobic respiration, 2010) Photosynthesis and aerobic respiration are both needed for each other to be able to perform their primary functions. One without the other would not work properly. Between both of these processes we receive three main sources; water, carbon dioxide and oxygen. Plants and animals require all three of these in order to live. Carbon dioxide and oxygen are a lot like a circle. Animals need oxygen to live and emit carbon dioxide, while plants need carbon dioxide to produce carbohydrates and omit oxygen, thus completing the circle. (Photosynthesis, 2005) During the photosynthesis stage a plant produces oxygen that aerobic respiration will use in order to break molecules, during this process electrons are released creating energy and a substance called adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is created. Through ATP, complex molecules are broken down into simple ones, allowing them to be used appropriately. (Photosynthesis, 2005) In the absence of oxygen some cells and organisms can use glycolysis coupled to fermentation to produce energy from the sugar created by photosynthesis: Fermentation allows for the production of energy without oxygen using organic compounds. Fermentation produces ATP with organic compounds like carbohydrates as the electron acceptor instead of oxygen, although less than cellular respiration. Yeast and muscle cells are capable of both cellular respiration and fermentation to harvest energy. When yeast cells are in a non-oxygen placement, the cells are forced to ferment. This is partially what it means when brewers ferment there beer. Our bodies use cellular respiration, to produce ATP, as our primary source of energy during normal activity. Although when we exert large amounts of energy all at once like running sprints would do, the normal cellular respiration would be unable to keep up with the required amount of oxygen to create ATP, therefore fermentation begins to assist making ATP. Cells use enzymes as biological catalysts to increase or accelerate the rate of reactions, such as those in photosynthesis or glycolysis. This allows reactions to occur under conditions that sustain life: An enzyme is simply a catalyst; also something extra that’s only purpose is to speed a process up that would otherwise take a very long time. Our bodies have copious amounts of these enzymes whose only purpose is to speed up needed reactions and bonds between separate chemicals throughout the body. This bonding process is completed through what is known as enzyme substrate interactions. (Enzyme, 2005) An enzyme-substrate is most easily explained as being an extremely specific key whole in which only a specific enzyme has access to, allowing that enzyme to enter the key whole and pushing to molecules into one. An enzyme-substrate complex substrate undergoes a chemical reaction forming a new product. The substrate still has the ability to break away from the enzyme at this point allowing it the ability to form with a different substrate. An enzyme product is simply a solution. The eventual mating of two chemicals to bond together forms a new enzyme product. Enzyme activity is regulated a couple of different ways, one is known as allosteric inhibition and the other is known as competitive inhibition. Competitive inhibitors bind with the active site forcing the substrate to compete with it, hence the title competitive inhibition. Allosteric inhibition is when an ion bonds to something physically on the enzyme, no on the site, changing the shape of the enzyme. (Enzyme, 2005)? References Aerobic respiration. (2010). In The Hutchinson Unabridged Encyclopedia with Atlas and Weather guide. Retrieved from http://www. credoreference. com. proxy. cecybrary. com/entry/heliconhe/aerobic_respiration Enzyme. (2005). In The American Heritage Science Dictionary. Retrieved from http://www. credoreference. com. proxy. cecybrary. com/entry/hmsciencedict/enzyme Photosynthesis. (2005). In The American Heritage Science Dictionary. Retrieved from http://www. credoreference. com. proxy. cecybrary. com/entry/hmsciencedict/photosynthesis

Comparing Oedipus Rex and King Lear Essay -- comparison compare contra

Comparing Oedipus Rex and King Lear   Ã‚   Oedipus Rex and King Lear are, as their titles announce, both about kings. These two plays are similar in theme and in the questions they pose to the audience. The kings in each play both fall from the pinnacle of power to become the most loathed of all classes in society; Oedipus discovers that he is a murderer and committer of incest, and Lear becomes a mad beggar. Misjudgments occur in both plays, and the same questions about the gods, fate, and free will are posed. In spite of these similarities, however, the final effects of these two plays differ greatly.    For me, as I read Oedipus Rex again this fall, I experienced a sensation nearly of agony. Because I had already known the myth as well as read the play, I was in the Greek's position of foreknowledge. This caused me to feel acutely the irony of Oedipus' confident declarations that the murderer of Laius should be "driven from every house, / Being, as he is, corruption itself to us," and again on the next page,    As for the criminal, I pray to God- Whether it be a lurking thief, or one of a number- I pray that that man's life be consumed in evil and wretchedness. And as for me, this curse applies no less If it should turn out that the culprit is my guest here, Sharing my hearth. (13-14)    Oedipus has absolutely no idea that the murderer he is denouncing so vehemently is, in fact, himself. The fact that the reader knows that, and he does not, becomes increasintly painful, especially in the line where Oedipus says, "And as for me, this curse applies no less...." Oedipus means only that he will not protect the guilty, even under the constraints of hospitality; he has absolutely no ... ...n has already occurred, is concentrated fully on them. King Lear comes to a much more acceptable resolution.    At the end of Oedipus Rex, I felt nothing but relief that the worst was finally over. King Lear also made me sigh heavily with relief, but it was more cathartic than the other. There is less agony in the experience of the play, and the ending is more resolved. While Sophocles leaves the audience with a burden of unresolved issues, Shakespeare, though not resolving them, makes them less cumbersome. In this way, King Lear, though no less a tragedy than Oedipus Rex, seems less ponderous and sad.   Works Cited: Shakespeare, William. King Lear. Ed. Russell Fraser. Newly revised ed. New York: Penguin Group, 1998. Sophocles. "Oedipus Rex." Trans. Dudley Fitts and Robert Fitzgerald. The Oedipus Cycle. New York: Harcourt Brace and Company, 1939.

Blade Servers Essay -- Computers Technology Essays

Blade Servers INTRODUCTION The internet boom in the late 90’s was the triggering event that created the need for blade servers. It is a fast growing market that emerged recently. Dell’s PowerEdge 1655MC, the IBM eServer Blade Center, and Hewlett-Packard’s (HP’s) ProLiant BL20p G2 are few examples that uses blade servers. WHAT IS A BLADE SERVER This is the first question I asked myself when this topic was assigned to me. Blade servers? A server is a computer that supports applications and telecommunications in a network, as well as the sharing of peripheral devices, software, and databases among the workstations in the network. Examples include multi-user network operating systems and specialized software for running Internet, intranet, and extranet Web applications, such as electronic commerce and enterprise collaboration. A blade server is an entire server that fits on a single card, or blade, which means that network interfaces, the CPU, the memory, and the hard disk are installed on the card. The blades are plugged into a single chassis, where an IT manager can generally fit 16 server blades into the space previously occupied by a single server which sits in a rack sharing common components such as power supplies, fans, disk storage, and Ethernet. â€Å"Each blade is an independent system, where their compact si ze can be placed in a single server rack or enclosure, where multiple blade servers share electricity and HVAC resources† [4]. They consume less power, generate less heat, cost less money, and have less expansion space per server. WHAT DOES IT CONSIST OF One unit is capable of supporting six blades and is only three-rack unit (RU) in height. A single blade consists of a small metal box that is ... ...ck, Forrester /Research. 9/17/2004. . 6. Blade Servers gain Momentum. Lisa Coleman, InfoStor Magazine. 9/17/2004. 7. Blade Servers Serving Multiple Needs. Francis Chu, Infrastructure. 10/25/2004. . 8. Power to the PC Processor. Todd Spangler, Baseline Magazine. 10/25/2004. . 9. Better Ways to Consolidate Servers. Francis Chu, eWeek. 10/25/2004. . 10. Sharper than your average server: 3 Blades tested. Staff writers, ZDNet Australia. 10/25/2004.

Garden of Eden and Utopia Essay

Everyone has an ideal world in which they’d want to live in. Of course no one wants to live in a place in which there is violence, cruelty, bad energy etc. But, for some, in order to achieve their ideal perfection of a utopia; they must do anything in their power to get close to what they have envisioned there ideal place would be like. Sure, some may say there is no such thing as perfection, others think otherwise. With variety of opinions whether a utopia can exist there many conflicts too many opinions and believes. Filmed by the director Guillermo Del Toro â€Å"Pan’s Labyrinth, section of Walden by Henry Thoreau and Genesis three, shows how dystopia is introduced as the story goes along. Because so many want to achieve utopia, many believe that the idea of having a perfect society does not exist and eventually will turn into chaos. In the movie Pan’s Labyrinth, the idea of a perfect utopia was displayed by one, going back to the years after the Spanish Civil War, in which â€Å"La guerilla† (the rebels) tries to fight the military of Spain. The purpose for the rebels to fight off the Regime was to oppose to the new government that wanted to control and create a New Spain. These rebels were not happy since they had different believes that the new government was strongly to oppose which was equality. Because both were displeased a war broke out and Spain was in war with itself. Both sides thought society could be run better if things either changed or stood the same. Having a war was a step of creating a utopia, but created a dystopia at the same time, for the simple fact that it created so much chaos and violence. There were many death, even, injured men who fought for their believes. Two, El Capitan Vidal who controls Spain’s military believes that fighting, things will go your way, he believes that they will give up due to the fact the rebels do not have enough food, armor nor enough men to win the battle. However not only does he have to deal with these rebels trying to win this battle but he also has to deal with his impregnated wife Carmen along with her daughter Ofelia. Ofelia being a young child with such a big imagination notices the domination that her new â€Å"stepdad† has towards her mom and she cannot do anything but obey. As the movie progresses, you could imagine how Ofelia dos not feel the love from her mother due to a delicate pregnancy and her stepdad that cannot stand her at all. There is no utopia here but a dystopia in Ofelia’s world and it is understandable in her eyes to realize that she lives in tough times but need the care and love from both adults. Every child desires to love and to be loved back, you don’t want to feel as if people don’t care nor bother to appreciate you for the smallest things, but for Ofelia is different. Because of the lack of care she receives in the real world, she relies on her fairytale stories not to just comfort her but to let he explore the magical place in which she wants to go and call home. Since the Captain is more eager and cares more about changing Spain he forgets his family and puts them to the side. As the movie almost gets to the end, the Captain seemed to start losing control of what he had once had control of. Though he showed strength and devotion towards his country many of â€Å"his† people were spy’s for the rebel and worked for him. At the end of the movie, El Capitan Vidal is surrounded by the rebellions after killing Ofelia inside the labyrinth and he now realizes his troops and himself were defenseless and rounded up. After trying to make all these changes to Spain and putting so much effort in trying to defeat the rebellions, his idea of perfection collapses in a matter of minutes To create a utopia you must obey and never question nor answer back. According to Genesis three, God created man and woman already who he called Adam and Eve. These two first humans were in the Garden of Eden and God had clearly told them â€Å"You shall not eat of every tree of the garden? † So they obeyed and did what God told them what to do. Adam and Eve were just humans who thought everything was roses and ponies, their world was perfect; no harm, they ruled the earth. God to them was someone to look up too so they did what he told them to do. However, everything changed when one of the animals God created deceived Eve to eat an apple from the Garden of Eve. At the end she ate this apple and convinced Adam to eat; all of a sudden both gain so much knowledge and realize there both nude. They knew they disobeyed God, they knew that something was going to happen and it actually did. God punished both Adam and Eve severely and it’s obvious that God reprimanded both for not obeying, God obviously started setting rules and he didn’t like the simple fact they didn’t go by one rule he expected them to follow. A place where everything was supposed to be unlimited to both became a nightmare when both went against God’s will. Nothing turned out to be perfect. Deciding to live in the woods and leave everything back is very hard to do, but it can be done. In the section of Walden, Thoreau decides to live in the woods because he has realized that he has not lived his life. Most people would think that he is insane for wanting to live in the woods and leave everything behind him just to explore Mother Nature. People would love to live in rural areas, but Thoreau decides that he will want to live here because it is a choice he made. Usually society would think this is wrong, just because it’s thought to be game but then Thoreau seems like he doesn’t care and wants to be able to explore. That is why he is telling the reader the reason why he is doing this. In conclusion trying to reach utopia means doing so much that can lead to destruction, even lives destroyed. To reach perfection is like reaching something impossible, and when you try to reach hard there rare chances of getting to it or reaching it. Chaos and an imperfection society is what we live in now, and no one has a full vision of what a utopia should be. Different mentalities, different livings, its hard as a society even a nation to decide what’s right and wrong.

How to Join Your High School Newspaper 5 Great Benefits

How to Join Your High School Newspaper 5 Great Benefits SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Are you interested in joining your high school newspaper?Many high schools have a school paper to give students an opportunity to hone their writing skills and keep students, staff, and teachers updated on school and community news. Participating in your high school newspaper is a great way to improve your writing skills, learn more about journalism, and develop pieces you can include in your portfolio or resume.Read on to learn all you'll need to know abouthow to joinyour school newspaper, what work you’ll be doing, and how it will benefit you. What Does a HighSchool Newspaper Cover? If you join your school's newspaper, whatwill you write about? The specific topics will vary from paper to paper, but most school papers cover topics that affect the school and surrounding community. Common topics that school papers cover include: School events, such as dances, pep rallies, andassemblies School news Interviews with new students and staff School sports teams, clubs, and performing groups Community news Awards won by the school, a student, ora teacher Reviews of movies, music, and TV showsthat appeal to teenagers School advice, such as study tips and which classes to take One reason that many students enjoy being on the school paper is that they havea lot of freedom on what topicsthey’d like to cover. If you are just starting on the paper, you may be assigned articles to write about, but eventually, most writers are able to focus on topics they care about and find interesting. For example, if you enjoy sports, you may be able to write aboutthe school’s sports teams and travel to different sporting events to cover them. If you likefashion, it may be possible for you to start a column that discussescurrent clothing trends for teenagers. What Does the School Paper StaffDo? The work you doas part ofyour high school newspaper canvarywidely depending on your school and your role on the paper. Some schools offer a journalism class thatlets you work on the paper during the day and for academic credit. At other schools, the school paper is considered an extracurricular and is only done after school. Some schools let students choose what roles they’d try, others assign them or have students rotate throughout all the roles. In all cases, producing the school paper is a lot of work, and students who join it can expect to devote a significant amount of time to it in order to meet deadlines and have enough piecesready.Students often work together to brainstorm ideas and review articles before they are published, but between those times you may often find yourself working independently as you research stories, interview sources, and write up stories. The work you do for the school paper will also depend on the role you have. While most students are writers or reporters, other jobs exist as well, and they are all critical to producing a complete and high-quality school paper. Common Newspaper Jobs Writer:Writersare responsible for the majority of written contentin thenewspaper. They research and pitch story ideas, interview sources, and write articles that are then included in the school paper. Editor:After writing for awhile, you may choose to become an editor or split your duties between writing and editing.Editors are the overseers:they make sure everything in the paper is top quality.Their duties include developing ideas for new articles, approving article ideas, and editing completed piecesto ensure they are high quality and polished, as well as free of spelling and grammatical errors. Graphics and Layout:These people are responsible for the images included in the school paper and how the final product looks.This group can include photographers, who take pictures to accompany storiesandsometimes travel to get specific shots. It can also include graphic artists who design images and headers to be used in the paper. Finally, people in charge of the layout (who may also be editors) decide how the articles will be arranged, where images will be inserted, and smaller details such as margin and font size. What Are the Benefits of Joining the School Paper? There are multiple benefits to being part of your school’s newspaper, and I've listed someof the most important below. Benefit #1: Develop Your Writing Skills As you may imagine, being part of the school paper requires a lot of writing, and the regularpractice you getis one of the best ways to become a better writer.You will learn how to write clearly and concisely and get valuable feedback from your editors. Benefit #2: Learn More About Journalism Journalism involves a lot more than just writing; you also need to know how to conduct research, interview people, and find new stories to write about. Being part of the school paper introduces you to each of these components of the job. Hands-on experience is the best way to learn if journalism is something you want to continue long-term. Many students who like to write want to go into journalism, but when they experiencethe real daily life of a journalist, they realize it isn’t for them. Joiningyour school paper can help you learn early if journalism is a good fit for you. Benefit #3:IncreaseYour Confidence and Sense of Responsibility Many people find it nerve-wracking to start a conversation with a strangerand see articles they've written beprinted and distributed to people theyknow.In journalism, you’ll have to do both a lot, and by doing these things so often, they’ll eventually become second nature.Working for your school paper will often make you feel much more confident about interviewing peopleand seeing your work published. Being a journalist can also help increase your sense of responsibility because you'll bemeeting deadlines, presenting stories in an unbiased way, and respecting and listening to all the people you interview, even if they have different opinions than your own. Benefit #4: Meet New People Working on the school paper oftenrequires a largetime commitment. Because you are spending so much time working with your fellow journalists, you often form close friendships with them.Being a journalist, even just for a high school newspaper, also introduces you to a lot of people as you research stories. You will likely get to know many new people in your school and community if you stick with your paper for a while. Benefit #5: Can Strengthen Your Resume and College Applications Your school newspaper is a great extracurricular to have because it will give you numerous samples of your work that you can show to potential schools and employers. These articles also provide concrete evidence of the work you did for the newspaper. Strong writing skills are useful for many majors and careers, so even if you don’t plan to pursue a job in journalism or writing, the skills you gained while part of your school’s paper will be useful for practically any job you have in the future. Joining your high school newspaper will also give you experience in journalism and writing that can help you get an internship or a position atyour college’s paper in the future. Job experience can often be difficult for high school studentsto get, especially experience that relates to the career they’d like to pursue. By joining your school paper, you’ll be interviewing real people, writing articles that get read, and experiencing what it’s like to be a journalist, which are all great work experiences. How to Join Your High School Paper School newspapers almost always have a teacher who supervises the paper and ensures that everything is running smoothly. Your first step should be to contact them and ask how you can get involved. In some cases, you have to enroll in a high school journalism class to be part of the paper. You will receive academic credit for this, just like all your other classes, and you will work on the paper during the school day (although you will likely do work outside of school as well). For other schools, school paper is considered an extracurricular, and you will only work on it after school and not receive academic credit.Some schools require prospective journalists to show writing samples before letting them join the paper, other schools allow anyone with an interest to join. If your school requires a writing sample, you may be able to usea paper you've written for a previous class, or you can choose a story you think is interesting, such as a school dance or community event, and write a story on that. If you are unsure of who runs the school paper, ask one of your English teachers or your academic adviser. What If Your School Doesn't Have a Paper? If your school doesn’t have a newspaper, don’t worry, there are other ways for you to get journalism and writing experience. Alternative Options There are a number of other extracurriculars and activities you can try if you like writing but either aren't able to join the school newspaper or aren't sure it's right for you. Yearbook Most high schools distribute yearbooks, and many of these are designed by students. While being part of the yearbook will not involve as much writing as being part of a newspaper would, there are still many similarities between the two. Both require thinking of story ideas, developing layouts, editing, and getting quotes to include. Some yearbooks also include longer written pieces that you may be able to work on. Literary Journal Your school mayproducea literary journal in addition to or instead of a school newspaper. Literary journals often include many types of writing such as poetry, short stories, non-fiction, and humor pieces. If your school has a literary journal, it's likely that you'll be able to submit some articles similar to those you would write for a school paper. School Newsletter Even if your school doesn’t have a regular newspaper, it will likely have some sort of newsletter that it distributes to students and parents. While most of the pieces in these newsletters are about school news and upcoming events, many newsletters also include articles on topics common in school papers. Talk to someone at the school office or your academic adviserto learn if you can contribute to the newsletter. Community or Local Paper If you are unable to find an opportunity at your school, you may be able to join a paper in your community. Many places produce local papers or community newsletters, and it may be possible for you to contribute articles or do an internship at one of them to learn more about journalism. Start Your OwnSchool Newspaper You may also want to create a school newspaper if your school doesn’t already have one. While this will take a significant time commitment, it can be worth it if you’re very interested in journalism. Being the founder of the school paper also shows leadership and motivation, two qualities that colleges love to see in applicants. Follow These Steps to Get Started: Step 1:Talk to your academic adviserto learn how to start a new club or group at your school. There may be specific procedures you have to follow, and it’s best to know them before you get started. Making the club official may also give you a budget that you can use for printing fees and other expenses. Step 2:Find a teacher to supervise the paper. While students will be doing the majority of the work, most school clubs require a teacher to act as sponsor and oversee the group. If you don’t have a specific teacher in mind, ask one of your English teachers if they’d be willing to be the supervisor. Step 3:Recruit members and assign roles. Ask people you know and put up posters around the school. You’ll need writers, photographers, artists, and people with good computer skills in order to produce a complete paper. Your first issue doesn’t have to be extremely long; a few well written and edited articles with good formatting will look better than a longer paper that isn’t as polished. Step 4:Start creating! Once everyone knows what their job is, start brainstorming topics, interviewing sources, and writing articles. Step 5:Edit and assemble the paper. Check articles for spelling and grammatical errors, and decide where articles and images will be placed. Step 6:Print and distribute. Your school may allow you to print the paper for free on one of the school computers or provide you with a budget to cover printing fees. If they don't, and the cost of printing is high, you can try raising money through fundraisers such as bake sales. You may also consider distributing digital copies of the paper first. If you are printing paper versions, get permission to leave copies in the school library, computer rooms, or other areas that students frequent. Summary Joining your high school newspaper is a great way to learn about journalism and improve your writing skills. Members of the school paper have a lot of different jobs including researching new topics, conducting interviews, writing and editing stories, and taking photographs to accompany articles. Being part of your school newspaper can help you improveyour writing skills, meet new people, and give you experience to include on your resumes and college applications. To learn more about joining your school’s paper, talk to the teacher who supervises the paper or your academic adviser. They’ll be able to provide you with more information. If your school doesn’t have a paper, you can consider joining a local or community paper instead, or you can be the person to create your school’s newspaper! What's Next? Want to practice your writing more? Check out our guide to the high school English classes you should take and learn about the different writing classesthat are available Wondering why extracurricularsare important? Read our guide on what extracurriculars are and learn how they can help you get a job and get accepted into a top college! Want more ideas for after-school activities? Check out our list of hundreds of extracurricular examples, and find some that interest you! Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points or your ACT score by 4 points?We've written a guide for each test about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now: